Chesapeake Bay | Maryland, Island, Map, Bridge, & Facts (2024)

bay, United States

verifiedCite

While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies.Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.

Select Citation Style

Feedback

Thank you for your feedback

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

Print

verifiedCite

While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies.Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.

Select Citation Style

Feedback

Thank you for your feedback

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

Written and fact-checked by

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Article History

See all related content →

Recent News

June 26, 2024, 11:48 PM ET (Washington Post)

Virginia and Maryland in spat over Chesapeake Bay crabbing plans

Chesapeake Bay, largest inlet in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the eastern United States. Created by the submergence of the lower courses of the Susquehanna River and its tributaries, it is 193 miles (311 km) long and 3 to 25 miles (5 to 40 km) wide. The southern part of the bay is bordered by Virginia and its northern part by Maryland. Its entrance from the Atlantic is flanked by Cape Charles to the north and Cape Henry to the south. Besides the Susquehanna, major rivers emptying into the bay include the James, York, Rappahannock, Potomac, and Patuxent from the west and the Wicomico, Nantico*ke, Choptank, and Chester from the east. Most of the bay’s irregular eastern shore is low and marshy, while the straighter western shore consists, for long distances, of cliffs.

The first European settlement in the bay area, Jamestown, was founded in 1607. One year later the English colonist Captain John Smith explored and mapped the bay and its estuaries, and soon afterward settlers came to the bay’s easily accessible, well-protected shores. In the War of 1812, the British invaded through Chesapeake Bay.

Britannica QuizWater and its Varying Forms

The William Preston Lane, Jr., Memorial Bridge spans the upper bay near Annapolis, Maryland. It was opened to traffic in 1952 and is 4 miles (6.4 km) long. The Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel was completed across the lower bay in 1964. The bay forms part of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway.

Baltimore is the chief port on the upper (northern) portion of the bay. The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal connects the head of the bay with the Delaware River estuary. The port group of Hampton Roads, around Norfolk, Virginia, at the mouth of the James River, exports coal and tobacco. An important naval base is located at Norfolk.

Until the latter half of the 20th century, Chesapeake Bay’s sheltered, nutrient-rich waters supported vast populations of fish, shellfish, and other marine life. Commercial fishing and recreational activities abounded. By the 1970s, however, residential and industrial development of the surrounding land had led to significant pollution of the bay by sewage, industrial wastes, and sediment. Commercial fishing dropped off sharply during the 1970s and into the 1980s, as did recreational use of the bay. Various projects have been undertaken in an effort to reverse the environmental damage that the bay has suffered.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Adam Augustyn.

Chesapeake Bay | Maryland, Island, Map, Bridge, & Facts (2024)

FAQs

What are some fun facts about the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

The original bridge span was 4.3 miles long and was the world's longest continuous over-water steel structure. The original span opened in 1952 while the parallel span was added in 1973.

What type of bridge is the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

The Chesapeake Bay Bridge begins in Sandy Point, Maryland, and connects Stevensville, Maryland. The bridge spans 4.3 miles in total and is a dual-span steel suspension bridge.

What is the real name of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

William Preston Lane Jr. Memorial Bridge (informally called the Chesapeake Bay Bridge and, locally, the Bay Bridge) is a major dual-span bridge in the U.S. state of Maryland.

How long does it take to drive across the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

Opened back in 1956, it spans 23.8 miles. and takes about 30 minutes to cross without traffic. It's free to drive over when heading north, but the return trip requires a six dollar toll.

What is a fun fact about the Bay Bridge? ›

Considered a “lifeline” bridge, the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge is built to withstand a major earthquake or other natural disaster.

How deep does the Chesapeake Bay Bridge go? ›

The depth of the water ranges from 25 to 100 feet, according to the Chesapeake Bay Bridge and Tunnel Commission. Before the structure was built, 50 to 60 cars at a time would drive up onto ferries, which would carry them across the water, with the Chesapeake Bay to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east.

How many years did it take to build the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

The bridge-tunnel was built over 3 1/2 years through a joint venture with four contractors, including project leader Tidewater Construction Corporation – a forerunner to Skanska. Sverdrup and Parcel, Consulting Engineers, designed the project.

Why is the Chesapeake Bay Bridge so tall? ›

Both spans are 186 feet at their highest points, which is high enough to allow ocean-going vessels and ships to pass. The curve near the western side of the bridge was built so that the main spans cross the bay's shipping channels at 90 degrees, a requirement of the United States Army Corps of Engineers.

Why is the Chesapeake Bay Bridge also a tunnel? ›

From the mainland, the CBBT extends U.S. highway Route 13 over the water with a pair of two-lane bridges. After a few miles, the bridges connect and dip underground into a small manmade island and tunnel to allow the passage of ships on the bay.

What movie was filmed on the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

Mission Impossible III

This scene was filmed on the Chesapeake Bay Bridge tunnel. In the movie you can see the bridge overlooking the Eastern Shore of Virginia.

How many tunnels are on the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

Construction of the span required undertaking a project of more than 12 miles of low-level trestles, two one-mile tunnels, two bridges, almost 2 miles of causeway, four manmade islands and 5.5 miles of approach roads, totaling 23 miles.

Do they ever close the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

Traffic Holds/Bridge Closure (sustained wind speeds exceeding 55 mph for a continuous period of 10 mins or more; or wind gusts persistently exceed 55 mph over a period of 15 mins) In the event of a sudden increase of sustained wind speeds or wind gusts that could jeopardize life or property, the MDTA may elect to ...

How long is the underwater part of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

Among the key features of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge–Tunnel are two one-mile (1.6 km) tunnels beneath the Thimble Shoals and Chesapeake navigation channels and two pairs of side-by-side high-level bridges over two other navigation channels: North Channel Bridge (75 ft or 22.9 m clearance) and Fisherman Inlet Bridge (40 ...

How much does it cost to cross Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

How much is the Chesapeake Bay Bridge Toll?
Class 1 vehiclesOff-peakPeak season
Initial Crossing$ 16.00$21.00
Return trip w/in 24-hrs (E-ZPass only)$6.00$1.00
Class 1 vehicle w/ 30+ 1-way trips in 30 days (E-ZPass only)$7.00$7.00
Feb 23, 2024

Can you get someone to drive you across the Chesapeake Bay Bridge? ›

For over two decades, bridge drive-over service Kent Island Express has been taking over the wheel to make the crossing. For $40 in cash or $50 in credit, a Kent Island Express driver will meet you before the bridge entrance, get in the driver's seat, and take you over the bridge.

What is a fun fact about the Chesapeake? ›

Chesapeake contains more miles of deepwater canals than any other city in the country and welcomes 10,000+ boats per year as they traverse the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway between Florida and Maine.

What is the Chesapeake Bay Bridge named after? ›

The Chesapeake Bay Bridge was named for William Preston Lane, Jr. (1892-1967), who served as governor of Maryland from 1947 to 1951. Thomas J. Hatem Memorial Bridge (US 40).

How old is Chesapeake Bay? ›

Some 35 million years ago, a bolide (an object similar to a meteor or comet) struck the present-day Delmarva Peninsula, creating a 55-mile-wide crater. The depression created by the crater changed the course of rivers and determined the location of the Chesapeake Bay.

What is the longest bridge in the Chesapeake? ›

The Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel is the longest bridge-tunnel complex in the world and is considered one of the Seven Engineering Wonders of the Modern World. There is a scenic overlook at the northern end of the bridge-tunnel where you can take photos or enjoy the view. The bridge-tunnel is open to birders!

References

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Gregorio Kreiger

Last Updated:

Views: 6026

Rating: 4.7 / 5 (57 voted)

Reviews: 88% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Gregorio Kreiger

Birthday: 1994-12-18

Address: 89212 Tracey Ramp, Sunside, MT 08453-0951

Phone: +9014805370218

Job: Customer Designer

Hobby: Mountain biking, Orienteering, Hiking, Sewing, Backpacking, Mushroom hunting, Backpacking

Introduction: My name is Gregorio Kreiger, I am a tender, brainy, enthusiastic, combative, agreeable, gentle, gentle person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.